51. Which reaction is characteristic of tertiary alcohols?
a) Oxidation
b) Dehydration
c) Hydrogenation
d) Halogenation
Answer: b) Dehydration
Explanation: Tertiary alcohols undergo dehydration readily to form alkenes due to the stability of the carbocation formed during the reaction.
52. Which of the following compounds has the highest acidity?
a) Ethane
b) Ethyne
c) Ethene
d) Benzene
Answer: b) Ethyne
Explanation: Ethyne (acetylene) is more acidic than ethane and ethene due to the sp hybridization of the carbon atom bonded to the hydrogen, which holds the electrons more tightly.
53. Which of the following compounds is used in the preparation of explosives?
a) Toluene
b) Benzene
c) Aniline
d) Nitrobenzene
Answer: d) Nitrobenzene
Explanation: Nitrobenzene can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of explosives such as TNT (trinitrotoluene).
54. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of electrophilic aromatic substitution?
a) Addition of an electrophile
b) Addition of a nucleophile
c) Loss of aromaticity
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Addition of an electrophile
Explanation: In electrophilic aromatic substitution, an electrophile adds to the aromatic ring, temporarily disrupting the aromaticity before substitution occurs.
55. Which of the following compounds will react with a strong base to form an alkoxide?
a) Alcohol
b) Ether
c) Alkane
d) Ketone
Answer: a) Alcohol
Explanation: Alcohols can react with strong bases to form alkoxides through deprotonation of the hydroxyl (-OH) group.
56. Which of the following compounds is most stable?
a) 1-Butyne
b) 2-Butyne
c) 1-Butene
d) Ethylene
Answer: b) 2-Butyne
Explanation: 2-Butyne is more stable than 1-butyne due to its internal triple bond, which is less strained than a terminal triple bond.
57. Which of the following has a planar structure?
a) Ethyne
b) Ethylene
c) Propane
d) All of the above
Answer: b) Ethylene
Explanation: Ethylene (C₂H₄) is a planar molecule due to the sp² hybridization of its carbon atoms, while ethyne is linear and propane is tetrahedral.
58. Which of the following compounds can undergo polymerization?
a) Ethylene
b) Ethane
c) Cyclohexane
d) Benzene
Answer: a) Ethylene
Explanation: Ethylene can undergo polymerization to form polyethylene, a common plastic.
59. Which of the following compounds is aromatic?
a) Cyclobutane
b) Cyclohexane
c) Cyclopentadiene
d) Benzene
Answer: d) Benzene
Explanation: Benzene is a classic example of an aromatic compound, characterized by its cyclic structure and resonance.
60. What is the result of the reaction of an alkene with water in the presence of sulfuric acid?
a) Alkane
b) Alcohol
c) Ether
d) Alkyne
Answer: b) Alcohol
Explanation: The reaction of an alkene with water in the presence of sulfuric acid leads to the formation of an alcohol through the process of hydration.
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